More than a decade later, Amoco was ordered to pay $120 million in damages and restitution to France. On March 16, 1978, the very large crude carrier Amoco Cadiz ran ashore at Brittany, France, causing one of the largest oil spills in history. Although the sponsorship deal ended when Marriott sold the park to Six Flags in 1985, the Standard logo can still be seen on all of the Barney Oldfield Speedway (now Great America Raceway) cars. In 1976 Amoco (under the “Standard” name) sponsored the Barney Oldfield Speedway attraction at Marriott’s Great America theme park in Gurnee, Illinois. In addition, the company also acquired a division of Tenneco Oil Company and Dome Petroleum Company, becoming one of the world’s largest oil companies. In the following decades, Amoco expanded globally, creating plants, oil wells, or markets in over 30 countries, including Britain, Belgium, Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, South Korea, Taiwan, Norway, Venezuela, Russia, China, Trinidad and Tobago, and Egypt. In 1968, following that discovery, Amoco acquired the Avisun Corporation and Patchogue-Plymouth, forming the Amoco Fabrics and Fibers Company. Amoco discovered PTA, a chemical for polyester fiber production. In the late 1950s and early 60s, Amoco again led the way with scientific and technological discoveries. In 1957 all the divisions of Amoco were consolidated into a single company, renamed the Amoco Corporation in 1985. Amoco created several new plants and claimed various new oil fields in this time period, as the company prospered in the post-war boom. With an exploration office in Canada, Amoco was now an international gas company. Initially the Hydrafrac process was licensed exclusively to Halliburton. ![]() In 1947 Amoco was the first company to drill off-shore, in the Gulf of Mexico, and in 1948 Amoco invented Hydrafrac, a hydraulic well fracturing process that increased oil production worldwide. In the late 1940s, after World War II, Amoco returned to focusing on domestic oil refinement and advancement. Also, during the war Amoco created its chemical division, formed from the merger of the Pan American Chemicals Company and the Indoil Chemical Company. In addition, Amoco significantly contributed to the aviation and land gasoline needed for the Allied armies. World War II followed this period of exploration Amoco participated in the war effort, discovering new means of refinement and even a way of producing TNT more quickly and easily. The Red Crown Regular and White Crown Premium gasolines marketed by parent company Standard Oil (Indiana) in its prime marketing area in the Midwest also contained lead. alongside American Regular gasoline, which was a leaded fuel. The “Amoco” lead-free gasoline was sold at American’s stations in the eastern and southern U.S. While most oil companies were switching to leaded gasolines en masse during the mid-to-late 1920s, American Oil chose to continue marketing its premium-grade “Amoco-Gas” (later Amoco Super-Premium) as a lead-free gasoline by using aromatics rather than tetraethyl lead to increase octane levels – decades before the environmental movement of the early 1970s led to more stringent auto emission controls which ultimately mandated the universal phase out of leaded gasoline. ![]() In the following years, a period of intense exploration and search for oil-rich fields ensued the company drilled over 1000 wells in 1937 alone. Combined with a new oil-refining process, Amoco created its exploration and production business, Stanolind, in 1931. In the 1920s and 30s Amoco opened up dozens more refining and oil-drilling facilities. In 1912 it opened its first gas service station in Minneapolis, Minnesota In 1911, the year it became independent from the Standard Oil trust, the company sold 88 percent of the gasoline and kerosene sold in the midwest. In 1910, with the rise in popularity of the automobile, Amoco decided to specialize in providing gasoline to everyday families and their cars. Rockefeller as part of the Standard Oil trust. Standard Oil (Indiana) was formed in 1889 by John D. Standard Oil of Indiana acquired Pan American in 1925, beginning John Rockefeller’s association with the Amoco name. ![]() Before this deal, Amoco was forced to depend on Standard Oil of New Jersey, a competitor, for its supplies. In 1923 the Blausteins sold a half interest in Amoco to the Pan American Petroleum & Transport company in exchange for a guaranteed supply of oil. The firm’s innovations included two essential parts of the modern industry, the gasoline tanker truck and the drive-through filling station. The American Oil Company, or Amoco, also known as Standard Oil of Indiana, was a global chemical and oil company, founded in Baltimore in 1910 and incorporated in 1922 by Louis Blaustein and his son Jacob.
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